Tudor SĂLĂGEAN¹, Teodor RUSU², Dumitru ONOSE³, Raluca FARCAŞ⁴, Bogdan DUDA² & Paul SESTRAŞ^5
1University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Horticulture, Department of Land Measurements and Exact Sciences, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, tudor.salagean@usamvcluj.ro
²University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Technical and Soil Sciences, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, rusuteodor23@yahoo.com, bogdan.duda@usamvcluj.ro
³Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest, Faculty of Geodesy, Department of Topography, Lacul Tei 122-124, District 2, 020396, Bucharest, Romania, balanta7@hotmail.com
⁴Technical University Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Land Measurements and Cadastre, Memorandumului 28, 400114, Cluj-Napoca, farcasraluca19@yahoo.com
⁵University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Land Reclamation and Environmental Engineering, Department of Environment and Land Reclamation, Mărăşti 59, District 1, 011464, Bucharest, Romania, psestras@yahoo.com

THE USE OF LASER SCANNING TECHNOLOGY IN LAND MONITORING OF MINING AREAS

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The use of laser scanning for topographic monitoring in areas of closed mines is useful for preventing and detecting problems which can negatively influence the environment and the population. In Romania, almost all perimeters with salt deposits present the phenomena of instability, both underground as well as at ground surface. Terrestrial laser scanning was performed with a 3D laser scanner on the corresponding surface of mine Victoria, Slănic Prahova salt deposit, Prahova County with a network support made using GNSS technology. The density of the approximately 23 million points was of 600 points/m² with an accuracy of less than 1 cm on a surface of 38515.84 m² (3D surface), respectively 36717.30 m² (2D surface - in horizontal projection). For comparison and control of the registration, two methods have been applied, namely using a scanning interface control for the first and making of the registration using the traverse method for the second. Based on data obtained from laser scanning we realized the DEM (Digital Elevation Model) and the level curves, both obtained using the model TIN (Triangulated Irregular Networks), which is a network of spatial triangles. The volume of the resulting material by overlapping areas (that generated by 3D scanning and the one generated by vectorizing contour lines) was -250 490.01 m³. The most important deformation of the studied area is outlined on the right side of the stream Baia Verde, in the area of Slănic relay, having a value of -14.7 m. Tulburea stream slopes are affected to an extent of 60-70% by landslides of areal nature. In terms of displacements and deformations active geomorphologic processes shaping the landscape on large surfaces are present in the studied area. The most intense and widespread are sliding processes, erosion and dissolution of salt. In the mining area more and more frequently are recorded landslides, which make the formation of water sources infiltrations through unveiling at certain points the massif of salt. The use of laser scanning reduces the time to perform measurements, which helps the correct interpretation of scanned targets.