INVESTIGATING THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CHEMICAL INDICES OF SOIL DEVELOPMENT AND WEATHERING IN VARIOUS PARENT MATERIALS IN URMIA LAKE CATCHMENT, Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, February 2019, Vol. 14, No. 1, p. 209 - 221; DOI:10.26471/cjees/2019/014/073 - Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences

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Elham HABIBI¹, Raziyeh LAK², Hossein TORABI^3*, Shahla MAHMOUDI⁴ & Hamidreza MOMTAZ⁵

¹ Department of Horticultural and Agronomy, Science and research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. E_habibi81@yahoo.com

² Research institute of earth science, geological survey, Tehran, Iran, e-mail: Lak_ir@yahoo.com

³Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran, e-mail: htorabi@shahed.ac.ir, *Corresponding Author

⁴ Department of Soil Science, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran. e-mail: Smahmodi@ut.ac.ir,

⁵ Soil Science Department, College of Agricultural, Urmia University, P.O. Box 165, Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran. e-mail: h.momtaz@urmia.ac.ir

INVESTIGATING THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CHEMICAL INDICES OF SOIL DEVELOPMENT AND WEATHERING IN VARIOUS PARENT MATERIALS IN URMIA LAKE CATCHMENT, Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, February 2019, Vol. 14, No. 1, p. 209 - 221; DOI:10.26471/cjees/2019/014/073

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According to recent environmental crisis and drying of Urmia Lake that affecting surrounding lands, this study was conducted to evaluate the physico-chemical properties, weathering rates and evolution of soils by using various weathering indices and forms of iron in Miandoab township. Thirteen soil profiles were described on different parent material. The results showed that the studied soils were in the orders of Inceptisols and Entisols and the difference in the type of parent material, physiography and aspect were effective on the soil physicochemical characteristics. Also the results in the iron part showed that a significant portion of the iron is in crystalline form. Considering the high correlation between the two factors of weathering intensity and iron mobility index, profiles 3, 2, 8, 7 and 10 had higher evolution rates with respect to other profiles. The geochemical result showed that the geology and composition of the soil parent materials had largely affected the amount of chemical weathering. The negative correlation between Na2o, Cao and K2o and chemical index of alternation indicates weathering of the plagioclases and feldspars in this area. Also weathering indices where the ratio of immobile element to the mobile oxides is incorporated in their formula were more appropriate for estimating the weathering intensity.