Aissata DAOUDA DIALLO¹, Khalid IBNO NAMR¹, Hocine GARMES², Mohamed OULD SID’AHMED OULD KANKOU³, Abdoulaye DEMBA N’DIAYE⁴ & Abdelwhab CHOUKRI^5
1Unit of Soil Science & Environment (LGMSS-URAC45) Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University Chouaib Doukkali BP. 20 - El Jadida 24000, Morocco, aissatase@gmail.com
²Laboratory Water & Environment (LEE), Unit of Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Sciences Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Chouaib Doukkali BP. 20 - El Jadida 24000Morocco
³Department of Organic Micropolluants , Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Nouakchott, BP 5026, Mauritania
⁴Laboratory of Water Chemistry, Department of Toxicology and Quality Control, National Institute for Research in Public Health Nouakchott, BP 695, Mauritania
⁵Team geodynamics & geoheritage géoéducation, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Chouaib Doukkali, BP University. 20 - El Jadida 24000, Morocco

METAL TRACE ELEMENTS IN SOILS OF THE AREA M'POURIÉ – MAURITANIA

Full text

The development of the right side of the Senegal River can lead to the degradation of the soils around the neighboring countries. That’s the reasons why this study was conducted on the soils of the plain of M'Pourié. A sampling of the soil was done by zig zag method, and carried out on three depths (20, 40 and 60 cm) in the South East area of the plain of M'Pourié. This sample has hydromorphic soils (type pseudo-gley), red brownish color with a granular structure. The study done on this sample is about some physico-chemical parameters (pH, organic matter and texture), major elements and metal traces elements (MTE). The results show that these soils have a silty clay texture and a low average of organic content (1.14%). PH has an acid tendency and this acidity increases with depth (6.74 6.15 and 5.7 respectively for 20, 40 and 60 cm). The major elements have an abundance of aluminum and iron with low concentration of carbonates. The highest MTE are Cr V and Ni while the lowest are Cd, Pb and As. The vertical dynamics of the majority of elements shows a low variability, yet the Cd, Pb and As are more concentrated near the surface (20 cm) the principal component analysis (PCA) shows that most of the MTE is controlled by the aluminum, iron, phosphorus, and calcium, which induces a lithogenic origin. Whereas Cd, Pb and As show a correlation with the organic material assuming, at least in part, a anthropogenic origin (fertilizers). The comparison of the values of ETM soils plain M'Pourié with environmental quality standards TEC and PEC shows contamination by Cd and Ni accompanied by Cr pollution.