THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND CELLULAR STUDY OF TRITICUM TURGIDUM GROWN IN AMENDED SOIL WITH SEWAGE SLUDGE (URBAN AND INDUSTRIAL) IN OPEN FIELDS UNDER SEMI-ARID CLIMATE CONDITIONS, Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, February 2021, Vol. 16, No. 1, p. 187 – 197; DOI:10.26471/cjees/2021/016/166 - Carpathian Journal of Earth And Environmental Sciences

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Najla LASSOUED^1,2 & Essaid BILAL^3*

¹National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, 1082 Mahragène Tunis, Tunisia; lassoued_najla@yahoo.fr

²National Institute for Rural Engineering’ research, Water and Forestry, BP10, 2080 Ariana, Tunis

³Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint Etienne, PEG, CNRS UMR 5600, F42023 Saint Etienne France; bilalessaid@gmail.com.fr, ebilal@emse.fr

THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND CELLULAR STUDY OF TRITICUM TURGIDUM GROWN IN AMENDED SOIL WITH SEWAGE SLUDGE (URBAN AND INDUSTRIAL) IN OPEN FIELDS UNDER SEMI-ARID CLIMATE CONDITIONS, Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, February 2021, Vol. 16, No. 1, p. 187 – 197; DOI:10.26471/cjees/2021/016/166

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A field experiment was conducted to demonstrate the beneficial and negative aspects of sewage sludge application on wheat and to determine the way of heavy metals in the sludge-soil-plant system. Two types of sewage sludge (urban and industrial) were applied at different rates (5, 25, 50 and 100 t dry matter (DM) per ha). Results showed that growth and yield have been improved by sewage sludge use. However, sewage sludge applications modified the content of heavy metals in plant tissues especially for industrial sewage sludge and high rates where significant accumulations including Co, Cr and Pb, were detected mainly in the roots. This has been coupled by an alteration of the root cellular ultra-structure and the presence of heavy metal deposition as electron-dense granules and crystals.